The conscious mind is not part of the structures in the psychodynamic perspective.

"Honesty" is not considered one of the Big Five personality traits.

Self-efficacy is a central concept in social-cognitive theory.

Cognitive dissonance refers to the discomfort people feel when their attitudes and behaviors are inconsistent.

The Id operates on the pleasure principle, seeking immediate gratification of desires.

Social-cognitive theory emphasizes the influence of personal, behavioral, and environmental factors on personality.

Projection involves attributing one's undesirable traits to others.

Confirmation bias involves seeking information that confirms existing beliefs.

Adolescence is the stage of "Identity vs. Role Confusion" according to Erikson's theory.

Reciprocal determinism is a key concept in social-cognitive theory.

Carl Jung proposed the concept of the collective unconscious.

Trait theories are criticized for often ignoring the role of environmental factors in shaping personality.

The self-concept is a central concept in humanistic theory.

Physiological needs must be satisfied before higher-level needs according to Maslow's hierarchy.

The Barnum effect involves accepting vague or general personality descriptions as personally meaningful.

The social-cognitive theory emphasizes the role of the self as a social product.

The Oedipus or Electra complex occurs during the phallic stage of psychosexual development.

The MMPI is a trait-based personality assessment tool.

The self-serving bias involves attributing successes to internal factors and failures to external factors.

Openness is one of the major dimensions of personality in trait theory.

Self-actualization is central to humanistic theory, particularly Maslow's hierarchy of needs.

Alfred Adler proposed the concept of the inferiority complex and compensation for feelings of inadequacy.

The idea of fulfilling one's potential is associated with Abraham Maslow.

The Rorschach Inkblot Test is a projective personality test.

The ego operates on the reality principle, balancing the demands of the id and the superego with reality.

Conditional positive regard is associated with humanistic theory, particularly Carl Rogers.

The Rorschach Inkblot Test uses ambiguous pictures to elicit responses that reveal unconscious thoughts and feelings.

The MMPI-2 is an updated version of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory.

Self-efficacy is an individual's belief in their ability to perform specific tasks successfully.

The Thematic Apperception Test involves the interpretation of ambiguous pictures to reveal personality characteristics.

Conscientiousness is associated with being organized, responsible, and reliable.

Introversion and extraversion are central concepts in trait theory, particularly in Eysenck's theory.

Self-monitoring involves observing and regulating one's own behavior in social situations.

Compensation is not one of Freud's defense mechanisms.

The self-serving bias involves attributing success to internal factors and failure to external factors.

Psychodynamic theory emphasizes the role of unconscious conflicts, early childhood experiences, and the importance of the ego.

Projective tests like the Rorschach often face criticism for lack of reliability, validity, and objectivity.

Locus of control refers to an individual's belief about the extent to which they can control events in their lives.

The Oedipus complex involves unconscious sexual desires for the parent of the opposite sex during the phallic stage.

Self-regulation involves the ability to monitor and adjust one's behavior to meet goals.

Incongruence between self-concept and experiences leads to incongruence anxiety, according to Rogers.

A self-schema is a mental representation of the self.

The MBTI classifies individuals into 16 personality types based on preferences in four dichotomies.

Adler proposed that individuals with an inferiority complex may compensate by developing a superiority complex.

Conformity involves adjusting behavior to fit in with the expectations of a group.

Self-actualization is the motivation to fulfill one's potential according to humanistic theory.

The dark triad includes narcissism, Machiavellianism, and psychopathy.

Self-esteem is the emotional evaluation of one's own worth.

The Hawthorne effect involves modifying behavior in response to being observed or aware of being observed.

Extraverts are likely to seek novel and arousing experiences, according to Eysenck.

The MMPI-2 is primarily used for assessing personality disorders.

Self-efficacy plays a crucial role in observational learning and modeling behavior in social-cognitive theory.

The Big Five traits have faced criticism for lack of cross-cultural validity.

The anal stage is associated with pleasure from bowel and bladder elimination.

Albert Bandura is associated with the concept of self-efficacy.

Emotional intelligence involves understanding and managing one's own emotions and those of others.

The California Q-set is used for observing behavior in natural settings.

Social identity theory emphasizes categorization based on group membership.

Carl Rogers is associated with the concept of self-concept in humanistic theory.

Cognitive dissonance was first introduced by Leon Festinger.