Nature vs. nurture debates the relative impact of genetic factors and environmental influences on development.

The primary crisis in infancy is trust vs. mistrust, according to Erikson's psychosocial theory.

Lawrence Kohlberg is known for his stages of moral development theory.

The "terrible twos" stage occurs around ages 2-3, marked by increased independence and tantrums.

Mary Ainsworth studied attachment patterns in infants, building on John Bowlby's work.

The formal operational stage, according to Piaget, involves abstract and hypothetical thinking.

Attachment is the emotional bond between an infant and their primary caregiver.

Stranger anxiety peaks during the toddlerhood stage, around 12-18 months of age.

The primary crisis in adolescence, according to Erikson, is identity vs. role confusion.

Lev Vygotsky introduced the concept of the zone of proximal development.

Disengagement theory proposes that aging involves a withdrawal or disengagement from society.

The primary crisis in middle adulthood, according to Erikson, is generativity vs. stagnation.

Erik Erikson introduced the psychosocial stages of development, focusing on social interactions.

Authoritarian parenting is characterized by high demands and low responsiveness.

Socioemotional selectivity theory introduces the idea of selective optimization with compensation in aging.

The pre-conventional level of morality involves decisions based on self-interest and avoiding punishment, according to Kohlberg.

Identity diffusion is a term associated with the adolescence stage in Erikson's theory.

The concrete operational stage, according to Piaget, involves concrete and logical thinking.

Centration is the tendency to focus on one aspect and neglect others, according to Piaget.

The primary crisis in late adulthood, according to Erikson, is integrity vs. despair.

Erik Erikson proposed the eight psychosocial stages of development, each associated with a different crisis.

The identity vs. role confusion stage occurs during adolescence, according to Erikson.

The successful resolution of the integrity vs. despair crisis leads to a sense of wisdom, according to Erikson.

Paul Baltes introduced the concept of cognitive development in adulthood, emphasizing lifelong growth.

Egocentrism is a key feature of the preoperational stage in Piaget's theory of cognitive development.

Separation anxiety is the emotional distress experienced when separated from a primary caregiver, according to attachment theory.

Mary Ainsworth introduced the "strange situation" as a method to assess attachment patterns in infants.

The primary crisis in early adulthood, according to Erikson, is intimacy vs. isolation.

Assimilation is the process of fitting new information into existing cognitive schemas, according to Piaget.

Authoritative parenting is characterized by high responsiveness and high demands, creating a supportive environment.

The ability to mentally reverse actions and understand relationships develops in the concrete operational stage.

The primary crisis in middle adulthood, according to Erikson, is generativity vs. stagnation.

Urie Bronfenbrenner is associated with the ecological systems theory, focusing on environmental influences on development.

The primary crisis in late adolescence, according to Erikson, is identity vs. role confusion.

The preoperational stage is characterized by the ability to represent objects by images and symbols, along with egocentric thought.

The primary crisis in early childhood, according to Erikson, is initiative vs. guilt.

Neglectful parenting is characterized by low responsiveness and low demands, leading to a lack of emotional support.

Erik Erikson introduced the concept of the eight stages of psychosocial development.

The primary crisis in late childhood, according to Erikson, is industry vs. inferiority.

Emotional intelligence refers to the ability to perceive, understand, and regulate emotions.

Permissive parenting is characterized by high responsiveness and low demands, resulting in a permissive and indulgent environment.

The conventional level of morality involves decisions based on societal rules and the approval of others, according to Kohlberg.

Intimacy refers to the strong emotional connection and affectional tie towards an intimate partner.

Erik Erikson introduced the concept of psychosocial moratorium in the exploration of different roles and possibilities.

The formal operational stage, according to Piaget, involves abstract and hypothetical thinking.

Accommodation is the process of changing existing cognitive structures to accommodate new information, according to Piaget.

The primary crisis in infancy, according to Erikson, is trust vs. mistrust.

Diana Baumrind is known for the concept of parenting styles, including authoritative, permissive, authoritarian, and neglectful styles.

Adolescent egocentrism is associated with the formal operational stage in Piaget's theory.

Bonding refers to the emotional and psychological closeness between individuals, such as a child and their primary caregiver.

The primary crisis in early adulthood, according to Erikson, is intimacy vs. isolation.

Lev Vygotsky emphasized the sociocultural environment and cultural tools in cognitive development.

The primary crisis in late adulthood, according to Erikson, is integrity vs. despair.

Lawrence Kohlberg introduced the concept of moral reasoning and stages of moral development.

The primary crisis in middle childhood, according to Erikson, is industry vs. inferiority.

Authoritative parenting is characterized by a balanced approach with warmth, support, and clear expectations.

Role confusion is associated with the adolescence stage in Erikson's psychosocial development.

The primary crisis in late childhood, according to Erikson, is industry vs. inferiority.

Empathy is the ability to understand and share the feelings of another person.

The primary crisis in late adolescence, according to Erikson, is identity vs. role confusion.