Autocracy is a form of government where power is concentrated in the hands of a single individual or ruler.

Ideology in political science refers to a set of beliefs or ideas that form the basis of a political philosophy or system.

Jean-Jacques Rousseau is known for the concept of the "social contract," exploring the relationship between individuals and the state.

Direct democracy involves citizens directly participating in decision-making processes, without intermediaries like elected representatives.

Montesquieu developed the theory of the "separation of powers," advocating for distinct branches of government with different functions.

Monarchy is a political system in which power is vested in the hands of a hereditary ruler, often a king or queen.

Soft power refers to a country's ability to influence others through cultural and diplomatic means, rather than through military force or coercion.

Niccolò Machiavelli wrote "The Prince," which explores political leadership and the use of power in governance.

Oligarchy is a political system characterized by the rule of a small, elite group or class.

Theocracy is a political system characterized by a government led by religious leaders or institutions.

Adam Smith is often associated with the concept of the "invisible hand" in economics.

A federal system is one where power is shared between a central government and subnational entities like states or provinces.

Oligarchy is a form of government in which power is vested in the hands of a small, self-appointed elite.

Karl Marx is known for the concept of "class struggle" and the theory of historical materialism in the context of socioeconomic systems.

Socialism is a political system in which the government owns and controls the means of production and distribution of goods.

Pluralism in political science refers to the coexistence of multiple political parties and interest groups.

Niccolò Machiavelli is often associated with the theory of "civic republicanism," emphasizing the importance of civic virtue and participation in a republic.

Representative democracy is a political system where individuals elect representatives to make decisions on their behalf.

A treaty is a formal agreement between two or more sovereign states in the context of international relations.

Montesquieu developed the concept of "checks and balances," emphasizing the need to limit the powers of each branch of government to prevent abuse.

A one-party system is where political power is concentrated in the hands of a single party, often under the control of a single leader.

C. Wright Mills is known for the concept of "power elite," suggesting that a small group of individuals from political, economic, and military sectors holds significant influence.

Autocracy is a government structure where power is concentrated in the hands of a single leader with absolute authority.

Diplomacy refers to a deliberate and coordinated effort to influence the policies and actions of other nations through negotiation and dialogue.

Harold Lasswell is known for the concept of "political socialization," exploring the process by which individuals acquire their political beliefs and values.

Plutocracy is a political system where power is concentrated in the hands of a few wealthy individuals or corporations.

Mahatma Gandhi is known for the idea of "civil disobedience," advocating for nonviolent resistance against unjust laws.

Legitimacy in political science refers to the authority and recognition of a government by its citizens as valid and rightful.

A federal system is one where power is divided between a central government and regional or local governments.

John Locke is known for the concept of the "social contract," suggesting that individuals enter into a contract with the government for mutual benefit and protection.

A military junta is a system where political power is concentrated in the hands of a small group of military officials.

John Rawls is known for the idea of the "veil of ignorance," suggesting that decision-makers should make choices without knowing their own position in society.

A presidential system is characterized by the separation of the head of state and head of government into distinct positions.

Almond and Verba are known for the concept of "political culture," examining shared beliefs and values influencing political behavior.

An international conflict involves multiple states and alliances, often on a global scale.

Totalitarianism is a system of government where power is concentrated in the hands of a single political party, and opposition parties are prohibited or limited.

Robert Michels is known for the concept of the "iron law of oligarchy," which suggests that power tends to become concentrated in the hands of a few individuals, even in democratic organizations.

Meritocracy is a government system based on rule by the best-qualified citizens or a select elite, emphasizing merit and qualifications.

Adam Smith is known for the concept of "classical liberalism," which emphasizes individual rights, limited government, and free-market capitalism.

Plutocracy is a system of government in which power is vested in the hands of a small group of wealthy individuals or corporations.

Harold Lasswell is known for the concept of "political efficacy," which measures an individual's belief in their ability to influence political outcomes.

Totalitarianism is a political system where power is concentrated in the hands of a single ruler with absolute authority, often involving the suppression of dissent.

Paul Samuelson is known for the concept of "public goods," which are goods and services that are non-excludable and non-rivalrous in consumption.

Theocracy is a form of government in which power is derived from divine authority, and religious leaders play a central role.

Robert Dahl is known for the concept of "pluralist theory," which suggests that power is distributed among various interest groups, preventing dominance by a single group.

Constitutional monarchy is a political system in which power is vested in the hands of a hereditary ruler, often a king or queen, with limited powers defined by a constitution.

Alexis de Tocqueville is known for the concept of "civil society," which refers to the space for voluntary associations outside the government and the market.

Authoritarianism is a political system in which power is concentrated in the hands of a single leader who often maintains control through force.

Isaiah Berlin is known for the idea of "liberal democracy," which combines elements of liberal political philosophy with representative democracy.

Elitism is a term used to describe a political system where individuals or groups outside the government have significant influence on policy decisions.

Michel Foucault is known for the idea of "power-knowledge," which suggests that power and knowledge are interconnected and shape one another in society.

Totalitarianism is a political system where power is concentrated in the hands of a single leader who exercises unlimited and arbitrary authority.

Jean-Jacques Rousseau is known for the concept of the "social contract," theorizing that individuals voluntarily give up some rights to form a government for mutual benefit.

Theocracy is a government system in which religious leaders have a significant influence on political decision-making.

Machiavelli is known for the concept of "political realism," which emphasizes power, national interest, and the pursuit of self-interest in international relations.

Elitism is a term used to describe a political system where power is concentrated in the hands of a small group of individuals or organizations with common interests.

Adam Smith is known for the concept of the "invisible hand," which suggests that individual pursuit of self-interest unintentionally contributes to the overall good of society.

Monarchy is a government structure where power is concentrated in the hands of a single ruler with absolute authority, often involving hereditary succession.

Jürgen Habermas is known for the concept of "the public sphere," which refers to spaces where citizens engage in open and critical discussions about public matters.

Autocracy is a system where political power is concentrated in the hands of a single ruler who often maintains control through hereditary succession.