Management
MCQS
A. Financial reporting
B. Decision-making and goal achievement
C. Marketing strategies
D. Human resource recruitment
The primary function of management is to make decisions and achieve organizational goals.
A. Planning, Organization, Learning, Control
B. Production, Operations, Leadership, Communication
C. Planning, Organizing, Leading, Controlling
D. Performance, Optimization, Leadership, Coordination
The P-O-L-C framework stands for Planning, Organizing, Leading, and Controlling.
A. Evaluating market trends
B. Assessing internal strengths and weaknesses, external opportunities and threats
C. Financial reporting
D. Employee performance appraisal
SWOT analysis is used to evaluate internal strengths and weaknesses, as well as external opportunities and threats in management.
A. Employee training
B. Assigning tasks and responsibilities to others
C. Marketing strategies
D. Financial decision-making
Delegation involves assigning tasks and responsibilities to others in management.
A. Short-term profit maximization
B. Achieving a sustainable competitive advantage
C. Human resource recruitment
D. Increasing market share
The primary goal of strategic management is to achieve a sustainable competitive advantage.
A. Product development
B. Evaluating employee performance and providing feedback
C. Financial reporting
D. Market analysis
Performance appraisal is used to evaluate employee performance and provide feedback in management.
A. The physical layout of the office
B. The shared values, beliefs, and practices within an organization
C. Marketing strategies
D. Employee training programs
Organizational culture refers to the shared values, beliefs, and practices within an organization in management.
A. Maintaining the status quo
B. Facilitating smooth transitions and adapting to change
C. Financial decision-making
D. Employee recruitment
Change management aims to facilitate smooth transitions and help organizations adapt to change.
A. Setting financial goals
B. Defining the organization's purpose and values
C. Marketing strategies
D. Employee performance appraisal
A mission statement in management defines the organization's purpose and values.
A. Assessing employee performance
B. Evaluating market trends
C. Setting specific, measurable, achievable, relevant, and time-bound goals
D. Financial reporting
The SMART criteria in goal-setting involve setting specific, measurable, achievable, relevant, and time-bound goals in management.
A. Inspiring followers with a shared vision
B. Exchanging rewards and punishments for performance
C. Marketing strategies
D. Employee training programs
Transactional leadership focuses on exchanging rewards and punishments for performance in management.
A. Employee recruitment
B. The formal arrangement of tasks, roles, and reporting relationships
C. Financial decision-making
D. Marketing strategies
Organizational structure in management refers to the formal arrangement of tasks, roles, and reporting relationships.
A. Evaluating employee performance
B. Identifying internal strengths and weaknesses, external opportunities and threats
C. Financial reporting
D. Market analysis
SWOT analysis in strategic planning helps identify internal strengths and weaknesses, as well as external opportunities and threats.
A. Assessing employee performance
B. Comparing organizational processes and performance to industry best practices
C. Setting financial goals
D. Marketing strategies
Benchmarking in management involves comparing organizational processes and performance to industry best practices.
A. Achieving organizational goals at any cost
B. Serving and empowering others to achieve their best
C. Marketing strategies
D. Financial decision-making
Servant leadership in management focuses on serving and empowering others to achieve their best.
A. Employee training
B. Planning for unexpected events and developing alternative courses of action
C. Financial reporting
D. Market analysis
Contingency planning in management involves planning for unexpected events and developing alternative courses of action.
A. Evaluating employee performance
B. Identifying factors that lead to job satisfaction and dissatisfaction
C. Financial decision-making
D. Marketing strategies
Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory in motivation management identifies factors that lead to job satisfaction and dissatisfaction.
A. Centralized decision-making
B. Participative decision-making involving input from team members
C. Financial reporting
D. Employee recruitment
The democratic leadership style in management involves participative decision-making with input from team members.
A. The physical size of an organization
B. The number of subordinates a manager can effectively supervise
C. Marketing strategies
D. Employee training programs
Span of control in management refers to the number of subordinates a manager can effectively supervise.
A. Financial decision-making
B. Gathering opinions from experts anonymously to reach a consensus
C. Assessing employee performance
D. Marketing strategies
The Delphi Technique in decision-making involves gathering opinions from experts anonymously to reach a consensus in management.
A. Empowering team members to make decisions
B. Centralized decision-making with little input from subordinates
C. Financial reporting
D. Employee recruitment
The autocratic leadership style in management involves centralized decision-making with little input from subordinates.
A. Employee recruitment
B. Collaboration between organizations to achieve mutual goals
C. Financial decision-making
D. Marketing strategies
A strategic alliance in management refers to collaboration between organizations to achieve mutual goals.
A. Evaluating employee performance
B. Understanding different assumptions about employee motivation and behavior
C. Financial reporting
D. Market analysis
Theory X and Theory Y in management help understand different assumptions about employee motivation and behavior.
A. Centralized decision-making
B. Minimal interference, allowing subordinates to make decisions
C. Marketing strategies
D. Employee training programs
The laissez-faire leadership style in management involves minimal interference, allowing subordinates to make decisions.
A. Employee recruitment
B. The discomfort experienced when holding conflicting beliefs or attitudes
C. Financial decision-making
D. Marketing strategies
Cognitive dissonance in management refers to the discomfort experienced when holding conflicting beliefs or attitudes.
A. Evaluating employee performance
B. Identifying and prioritizing human needs to understand motivation
C. Financial reporting
D. Market analysis
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs in motivation management identifies and prioritizes human needs to understand motivation.
A. Evaluating employee performance
B. Preparing for and responding to unexpected events
C. Financial reporting
D. Marketing strategies
Crisis management in organizations focuses on preparing for and responding to unexpected events.
A. Assessing employee performance
B. Comparing organizational processes and performance to industry best practices
C. Financial decision-making
D. Marketing strategies
Benchmarking in management involves comparing organizational processes and performance to industry best practices.
A. Evaluating employee performance
B. Recognizing that no one management style is suitable for all situations
C. Financial reporting
D. Market analysis
Contingency theory in management recognizes that no one management style is suitable for all situations.
A. Employee recruitment
B. Contracting out business processes to external providers
C. Financial decision-making
D. Marketing strategies
Outsourcing in management involves contracting out business processes, such as manufacturing or customer support, to external providers.
A. Evaluating employee performance
B. Continuous improvement of processes and products
C. Financial reporting
D. Marketing strategies
Total Quality Management (TQM) in organizations focuses on the continuous improvement of processes and products.
A. Assessing employee performance
B. Recognizing and managing one's emotions and the emotions of others
C. Financial decision-making
D. Market analysis
Emotional intelligence in management refers to recognizing and managing one's emotions and the emotions of others.
A. Evaluating employee performance
B. Reducing defects and improving process quality
C. Financial reporting
D. Marketing strategies
The Six Sigma methodology in management aims to reduce defects and improve process quality.
A. Evaluating employee performance
B. Identifying and alleviating bottlenecks in processes
C. Financial reporting
D. Marketing strategies
The Theory of Constraints in operations management focuses on identifying and alleviating bottlenecks in processes.
A. Employee recruitment
B. The network of activities involved in producing and delivering goods to customers
C. Financial decision-making
D. Marketing strategies
The supply chain in management refers to the network of activities involved in producing and delivering goods to customers.
A. The physical size of an organization
B. The number of subordinates directly reporting to a manager
C. Marketing strategies
D. Employee training programs
Span of management refers to the number of subordinates directly reporting to a manager in organizational structure.
A. Evaluating employee performance
B. Continuous improvement through Plan, Do, Check, Act cycles
C. Financial reporting
D. Marketing strategies
The Deming Cycle (PDCA) in management involves continuous improvement through Plan, Do, Check, Act cycles.
A. Evaluating employee performance
B. Portfolio analysis for businesses' product lines
C. Financial reporting
D. Market analysis
The BCG Matrix in strategic management focuses on portfolio analysis for businesses' product lines.
A. Employee recruitment
B. Systematic efforts to improve organizational effectiveness and employee well-being
C. Financial decision-making
D. Marketing strategies
Organizational development in management involves systematic efforts to improve organizational effectiveness and employee well-being.
A. Evaluating employee performance
B. Identifying potential causes of a problem
C. Financial reporting
D. Market analysis
The Fishbone Diagram (Ishikawa) in management is used to identify potential causes of a problem in a visual representation.
A. Evaluating employee performance
B. Minimizing inventory levels and waste
C. Financial reporting
D. Marketing strategies
The Just-In-Time (JIT) inventory system in operations management focuses on minimizing inventory levels and waste.
A. Employee recruitment
B. The process of defining an organization's direction and making decisions on allocating its resources
C. Financial decision-making
D. Marketing strategies
Strategic planning in management involves defining an organization's direction and making decisions on allocating its resources.
A. Evaluating employee performance
B. Identifying and analyzing forces for and against change
C. Financial reporting
D. Market analysis
Force Field Analysis in change management is used to identify and analyze forces for and against change in an organization.
A. Evaluating employee performance
B. Understanding the psychological needs that motivate human behavior
C. Financial reporting
D. Marketing strategies
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs in organizational behavior focuses on understanding the psychological needs that motivate human behavior in the workplace.
A. Assessing employee performance
B. Comparing organizational processes and performance to industry best practices
C. Financial decision-making
D. Marketing strategies
Benchmarking in management involves comparing organizational processes and performance to industry best practices.
A. Evaluating employee performance
B. Attracting, developing, and retaining high-potential employees
C. Financial reporting
D. Marketing strategies
The primary goal of talent management in human resources is attracting, developing, and retaining high-potential employees.
A. Employee recruitment
B. Differences in thought processes, perspectives, and problem-solving approaches within a team
C. Financial decision-making
D. Marketing strategies
Cognitive diversity in team management refers to differences in thought processes, perspectives, and problem-solving approaches within a team.
A. Evaluating employee performance
B. The alignment between an organization's strategy and its external environment
C. Financial reporting
D. Market analysis
Strategic fit in management refers to the alignment between an organization's strategy and its external environment.
A. Evaluating employee performance
B. Visualizing project timelines and task dependencies
C. Financial reporting
D. Marketing strategies
The Gantt Chart in project management is used to visualize project timelines and task dependencies.
A. Employee recruitment
B. Designing jobs to provide employees with more challenging and meaningful work
C. Financial decision-making
D. Marketing strategies
Job enrichment in management involves designing jobs to provide employees with more challenging and meaningful work.
A. Evaluating employee performance
B. Integrating elements of Japanese and American management practices
C. Financial reporting
D. Market analysis
Theory Z management style focuses on integrating elements of Japanese and American management practices.
A. Employee recruitment
B. Differences in age, gender, ethnicity, and other characteristics within the workforce
C. Financial decision-making
D. Marketing strategies
Workforce diversity in management encompasses differences in age, gender, ethnicity, and other characteristics within the workforce.
A. Evaluating employee performance
B. Identifying the vital few factors that contribute to the majority of outcomes
C. Financial reporting
D. Market analysis
The Pareto Principle (80/20 Rule) in management identifies the vital few factors that contribute to the majority of outcomes.
A. Evaluating employee performance
B. Assessing personality preferences based on four dichotomies
C. Financial reporting
D. Marketing strategies
The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) in organizational psychology assesses personality preferences based on four dichotomies.
A. Employee recruitment
B. Identifying and addressing future workforce needs
C. Financial decision-making
D. Marketing strategies
Workforce planning in management involves identifying and addressing future workforce needs.
A. Evaluating employee performance
B. Describing the stages of forming, storming, norming, performing, and adjourning
C. Financial reporting
D. Marketing strategies
Tuckman's Stages of Group Development in team management describe the stages of forming, storming, norming, performing, and adjourning.
A. Evaluating employee performance
B. Assessing internal strengths and weaknesses, external opportunities and threats
C. Financial reporting
D. Market analysis
The primary focus of SWOT analysis in strategic management is assessing internal strengths and weaknesses, as well as external opportunities and threats.
A. Employee recruitment
B. The ability to work effectively across different cultures
C. Financial decision-making
D. Marketing strategies
Cultural competency in management is the ability to work effectively across different cultures.
A. Evaluating employee performance
B. Measuring attitudes and opinions on a scale with multiple response options
C. Financial reporting
D. Marketing strategies
The Likert Scale in organizational research is used for measuring attitudes and opinions on a scale with multiple response options.
A. Employee recruitment
B. The system of rules, practices, and processes by which a company is directed and controlled
C. Financial decision-making
D. Marketing strategies
Corporate governance in management involves the system of rules, practices, and processes by which a company is directed and controlled.