What financial decision involves determining how a company's profits are distributed between reinvestment and shareholder dividends?

The formula for Return on Equity (ROE) is:

In International Finance, what term refers to the funds invested by one country in the financial markets of another country?

What is the measure of the proportion of debt to equity in a company's capital structure?

What term refers to the process of evaluating and managing a company's exposure to various financial risks?

What is the term for the added value of a product at each stage of production, leading to taxation at each stage?

What type of institutions invest in a diverse range of financial assets across various countries in International Finance?

The formula for Gross Margin is:

Which financial decision involves determining how a company will raise funds to finance its operations and projects?

What does the Total Asset Turnover Ratio measure?