question Which of the following is a common property of both acids and bases

The term "reversible process" in thermodynamics refers to a process that can be:

A. Brought back to its initial state with no change in entropy
B. Achieved in one direction only
C. Spontaneous
D. Accompanied by a change in temperature

The term "ground state" refers to the:

A. Lowest energy state of an atom
B. Highest energy state of an atom
C. Stable state of an atom
D. Excited state of an atom

What is the term for a bond formed by the attraction between positive metal ions and delocalized electrons?

A. Metallic
B. Ionic
C. Covalent
D. Polar

Which of the following is a noble gas?

A. Neon
B. Sodium
C. Chlorine
D. Sulfur

Which quantum number describes the shape of an orbital?

A. Azimuthal
B. Principal
C. Magnetic
D. Spin

The process of a gas changing directly from a gas to a solid is known as:

A. Deposition
B. Condensation
C. Sublimation
D. Evaporation

Which of the following is a major function of carbohydrates in living organisms?

A. Providing a source of long-term energy
B. Serving as structural components in cell membranes
C. Facilitating insulation in animals
D. Aiding in enzyme catalysis

What is the product of the reaction between sodium sulfate (Na₂SO₄) and barium chloride (BaCl₂)?

A. Sodium chloride and barium sulfate
B. Barium sulfate and sodium chloride
C. Sodium chloride and barium chloride
D. Sodium sulfate and barium chloride

What is the balanced chemical equation for the reaction between sodium sulfide (Na₂S) and hydrochloric acid (HCl)?

A. 2Na₂S + 2HCl → 2NaCl + H₂S
B. Na₂S + HCl → NaCl + H₂S
C. Na₂S + 2HCl → 2NaCl + H₂S
D. Na₂S + HCl → NaCl + 2H₂S

Which analytical technique is suitable for analyzing the elemental composition of solid samples?

A. X-ray fluorescence (XRF)
B. Mass spectrometry (MS)
C. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)
D. Gas chromatography (GC)

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